1. 表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以,用),注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错搭配,如“用英语”习惯上用in English,而不是with English。
2. 与某些抽象名词连用时,其作用相当于一个副词。如:with care=carefully 认真地
3. 表示条件时,根据情况可与虚拟语气连用。如:With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是钱多一点,我就买得起了。
4. 比较with和as:两者均可表示“随着”,但前者是介词,后接名词或代词;后者是连词,用于引导一个句子。比较:He will improve as he grows older. 随着年龄的增长,他会进步的。
5. 复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构,它在句中主要用作状语,表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等;其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等。如:
(1) with+宾语+形容词
He often sleeps with the windows open. 他常开着窗睡觉。
(2) with+宾语+ 副词
He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头 站在老师面前。
(3) with +宾语+ 介词短语
She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。
(4) with+宾语+现在分词
He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。
(5) with +宾语+ 过去分词
He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。
(6) with +宾语+ 动词不定式
I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服, 我无法出去了。
(7) with +宾语+ 名词
He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时,女儿还是个小学生。